75 research outputs found
United States budgetary costs of Post-9/11 wars through FY2018
Originally published on the Watson Institute's Costs of War Project website: http://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/papers/2017/USBudgetaryCostsFY2018The costs to the United States of post-9/11 wars will total more than 23,386 on these wars since 2001. âThe U.S. wars in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan and Pakistan, and the increased spending on homeland security and the departments of defense, state and veterans affairs since the 9/11 attacks have cost more than 5.6 trillion.
Concept paper on a curriculum initiative for energy, climate change, and sustainability at Boston University
[Summary] Boston University has made important contributions to the interconnected challenges of
energy, climate change, and sustainability (ECS) through its research, teaching, and campus
operations. This work reveals new opportunities to expand the scope of teaching and research
and place the University at the forefront of ECS in higher education. This paper describes the
framework for a University-wide curriculum initiative that moves us in that direction and that
complements the Universityâs strategic plan. The central curricular objectives are to provide
every undergraduate the opportunity be touched in some way in their educational program by
exposure to some aspect of the ECS challenge, and to increase opportunities for every graduate
student to achieve a focused competence in ECS. The initiative has six cornerstone initiatives.
The first is the Campus as a Living Lab (CALL) program in which students, faculty and staff work
together and use our urban campus and its community to study and implement ECS solutions.
The second is a university-wide minor degree that helps students develop an integrated
perspective of the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainability. The third
is one or more graduate certificate programs open to all graduate students. The fourth is an
annual summer faculty workshop that develops new ECS curriculum and CALL opportunities.
The fifth is web-based resource that underpins the construction of a vibrant knowledge
network for the BU community and beyond. Finally, an enhanced sustainability alumni network
will augment professional opportunities and generate other benefits. The learning outcomes of
this initiative will be realized through the collaborative work of faculty, students, and staff from
all 17 colleges and schools. The initiative will leverage existing BU student resources such as the
Thurman Center, Build Lab, and Innovate@BU. Benefits of this initiative, beyond the
curriculum, include acceleration towards the goals of our Climate Action Plan; improving the
âsustainability brandâ of BU; enhancing the ability to attract students and new faculty;
strengthening our alumni and campus communities; deepening our ties with the city of Boston;
and the potential to spin off new social and technological innovations.Published versio
Afghanistans Rising Civilian Death Toll Due to Airstrikes, 2017-2020
When the United States tightens its rules of engagement and restricts air strikes where civilians are at risk, civilian casualties tend to go down; when it loosens those restrictions, civilians are injured and killed in greater numbers. In 2017 the Pentagon relaxed its rules of engagement for airstrikes and escalated the air war in Afghanistan. The aim was to gain leverage at the bargaining table. From 2017 through 2019, civilian deaths due to U.S.and allied forces' airstrikes in Afghanistan dramatically increased
A New Survey for Giant Arcs
We report on the first results of an imaging survey to detect strong
gravitational lensing targeting the richest clusters selected from the
photometric data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with follow-up deep
imaging observations from the Wisconsin Indiana Yale NOAO (WIYN) 3.5m telescope
and the University of Hawaii 88-inch telescope (UH88). The clusters are
selected from an area of 8000 deg^2 using the Red Cluster Sequence technique
and span the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.6, corresponding to a comoving
cosmological volume of ~ 2 Gpc^3. Our imaging survey thus targets a volume more
than an order of magnitude larger than any previous search. A total of 240
clusters were imaged of which 141 had sub-arcsecond image quality. Our survey
has uncovered16 new lensing clusters with definite giant arcs, an additional 12
systems for which the lensing interpretation is very likely, and 9 possible
lenses which contain shorter arclets or candidate arcs which are less certain
and will require further observations to confirm their lensing origin. The
number of new cluster lenses detected in this survey is likely > 30. Among
these new systems are several of the most dramatic examples of strong
gravitational lensing ever discovered with multiple bright arcs at large
angular separation. These will likely become 'poster-child' gravitational
lenses similar to Abell 1689 and CL0024+1654. The new lenses discovered in this
survey will enable future sysetmatic studies of the statistics of strong
lensing and its implications for cosmology and our structure formation
paradigm.Comment: 19 pages, 7 pages of Figures, submitted to AJ. Fixed Typo
Interleukin 1 Trials in Cancer Patients: A Review of the Toxicity, Antitumor and Hematopoietic Effects
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139898/1/onco0190.pd
Principia Leviathan
The moral duties of the United States in Iraq cannot be separated from the larger question of the security requirements of the United States and its larger moral duties as the worldâs preeminent military and economic power. Moreover, even after the United States leaves Iraq these questions will not disap- pear, not least because it may find itself occupying more states in its war on ter- ror and against rogue states
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